We often say 51 microcontroller and STM32 microcontroller, in the end what is the difference between them? Today I briefly describe with you.
One: 51 microcontroller
01
Introduction
51 microcontroller is the collective name for all microcontrollers compatible with Intel 8031 instruction system. The originator of this series of microcontrollers is Intel’s 8004 microcontroller. Later, with the development of Flash rom technology, the 8004 microcontroller has made great progress and become one of the widely used 8-bit microcontrollers, whose representative model is ATMEL’s AT89 series, which is widely used in industrial measurement and control systems. The 51 microcontroller is a basic introduction to a microcontroller, or a widely used one. It should be noted that the 51 series of microcontrollers generally do not have the ability to self-program.
02
Main products
Intel (Intel): 80C31, 80C51, 87C51, 80C32, 80C52, 87C52, etc..
ATMEL (EDMEL): 89C51, 89C52, 89C2051, 89S51 (RC), 89S52 (RC), etc.
Philips (Philips), Huabang, Dallas (Dallas), Siemens (Siemens) and many other companies’ products
STC (domestic macrochip) microcontroller: 89c51, 89c52, 89c516, 90c516 and many other brands
03
51 microcontroller features
51 microcontroller has become a classic, become easy to start microcontroller mainly has the following characteristics: from the internal hardware to software has a complete set of by-bit operating system, called the bit processor, the object of processing is not words or bytes but bits.
Not only can it process a bit of some special function registers in the chip, such as transfer, set, clear, test, etc., but also can carry out the logic operation of the bit, its function is very complete, easy to use.
Also in the on-chip RAM area also opened a special dual-function address area, the use of extremely flexible, this function undoubtedly provides great convenience to the user.
Multiplication and division instructions, which also brings convenience to programming, many eight-bit microcontrollers do not have multiplication capabilities, multiplication when you have to make up a subroutine call, very inconvenient.
04
51 microcontroller disadvantages
1, AD, EEPROM and other functions need to rely on expansion, increasing the hardware and software burden.
2, although the use of I/O pins is simple, but the high level when no output capability, which is the biggest weakness of the 51 series microcontroller.
3, slow running speed, especially the double data pointer, such as the improvement can bring great convenience to the programming.
4, 51 protection ability is very poor, it is easy to burn the chip.
05
51 microcontroller application range
At present, in the teaching occasion and the performance requirements of the occasion is not high a lot of use.
The most used devices: 8051, 80C51.
Two: STM32
01
Introduction
STM32 series of microcontrollers launched by ST manufacturers, industry friends know that this is a super cost-effective series of microcontrollers, there should be no one, and its powerful features. It is based on the ARM Cortex-M core specially designed for embedded applications requiring high performance, low cost and low power consumption; it also has first-class peripherals, 1μs dual 12-bit ADC, 4Mbit/sec UART, 18Mbit/sec SPI and so on.
In terms of power consumption and integration also has a good performance, of course, and MSP430 power consumption is slightly inferior to some, but this does not affect the engineers on its degree of enthusiasm.
Because of its simple structure and easy-to-use tools, coupled with its powerful features, in the industry is famous.
The STM32 family of ARM Cortex-M0, M0+, M3, M4 and M7 cores is designed for embedded applications requiring high performance, low cost and low power consumption.
02
Main Products
Divided into different products by core architecture.
Mainstream products (STM32F0, STM32F1, STM32F3)
Ultra-low power products (STM32L0, STM32L1, STM32L4, STM32L4+)
High performance products (STM32F2, STM32F4, STM32F7, STM32H7)
03
STM32 microcontroller features
Core: ARM 32-bit Cortex-M3 CPU, maximum operating frequency 72MHz, 1.25DMIPS/MHz, single-cycle multiplication and hardware division
Memory: 32-512KB Flash memory integrated on-chip, 6-64KB SRAM memory
Clock, reset and power management: 2.0-3.6V power supply and drive voltage for I/O interface, POR, PDR and programmable voltage detector (PVD), 4-16MHz crystal, embedded factory-tuned 8MHz RC oscillation circuit, internal 40 kHz RC oscillation circuit, PLL for CPU clock, 32kHz crystal with calibration for RTC crystal for RTC.
Debug modes: Serial debug (SWD) and JTAG interface, up to 112 fast I/O ports, up to 11 timers, up to 13 communication interfaces.
04
STM32 commonly used devices
The most used devices: STM32F103 series, STM32 L1 series, STM32W series.
Three: the difference between 51 and STM32?
Differences in the following points.
01
Kernel
51 microcontroller uses 51 Core, 8Bit@2MHzMax (after dividing), 0.06DMIPS.
STM32 uses ARM Cortex-M3, 32Bit@72MHz , 1.25DMIPS.
02
Address space
51 microcontrollers have only 64KB.
STM32 has 4GB.
03
On-chip storage
51 microcontrollers have only 2K-64K ROM and 128B-1K RAM.
STM32 has 20K-1MB of ROM and 8K-256K of RAM
04
Peripherals
51 microcontroller has only three timers and a serial port.
STM32 has AD, DA, TImer, WWDG, IWDG, CRC, DMA, IIC, SPI, USART and many other peripherals.
05
Development Tools
The 51 microcontroller uses the early UV2.
STM32 uses UV4 and even higher.
06
Operating system
51 microcontrollers are hardly able to run even RTOS; the
STM32 uses uClinux, uC/OS.
